Child Life Certification Practice Test 2026 – The Comprehensive All-in-One Guide for Exam Success!

Erikson's stages of psychosocial development identify a key milestone in the development of autonomy occurring between the ages of 1 to 3 years, a period known as the autonomy versus shame and doubt stage. During this time, toddlers begin to assert their independence, exploring their environment and developing a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of self. This stage is crucial for healthy emotional development, as successfully navigating it fosters a sense of autonomy and confidence in one's abilities.

Supporting this developmental task, children are encouraged to engage in self-care activities such as dressing themselves, potty training, and making simple choices. Achievements in these areas help to foster a feeling of mastery and competence. Conversely, if they are overly controlled or criticized when they attempt to assert their independence, they may develop feelings of shame and doubt about their capabilities. Thus, this stage is pivotal for laying the groundwork for future development and self-esteem.